Zika Virus
Zika virus infection is primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. They are typically most active between dawn and dusk. Zika is related to Dengue, Yellow Fever and Japanese Encephalitis.
Most cases of Zika are asymptomatic – persons do not have any symptoms. Those with symptoms get ill 3-12 days after being bitten. Symptoms include mild fevers, headaches, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting and general lethargy.
There is agreement that Zika Virus causes microcephaly (decreased head size and developmental problems) in infants born to pregnant women infected with the virus.
Who is at risk?
Zika Virus is present in Mexico, Central America, South America, the Caribbean, tropical areas of Southeast Asia, Oceania, and parts of Africa. All travellers are at risk. Long-term travellers and aid or missionary workers going to areas where Zika Virus is endemic are at greater risk..
Zika Virus
Prevention:
Travellers who are pregnant or planning to get pregnant should postpone travel to areas with Zika Virus outbreaks. Other travellers should be careful to prevent mosquito bites during the daytime.
Use a repellent containing 20%-30% DEET on exposed skin.
Wear neutral-coloured (beige, light grey), long-sleeved clothing if possible.
If available, pre-soak or spray outer layer clothing and gear with permethrin.
Apply sunscreen first followed by the repellent.